18th and 19th Centuries: The advent of floral design as a profession can be traced back to the 18th century. The rise of botanical gardens and the increased availability of exotic flowers from around the world fueled the demand for floral arrangements. The first known floral shop, "Le Jardin des Plantes," opened in Paris in 1605.
During the 18th and 19th centuries, the profession of floristry continued to develop and flourish.
The Dutch Influence: The Netherlands played a significant role in the progress of floristry during this period. Dutch horticulturists and botanists made significant advancements in the cultivation and hybridization of flowers, leading to the introduction of new varieties and colors. The Dutch also developed innovative techniques for forcing flowers to bloom out of season, allowing for a year-round supply.
The Language of Flowers: The 19th century saw the popularization of "the language of flowers." This was a symbolic language where each flower and its color held a specific meaning or message. Florists played a crucial role in creating bouquets and arrangements that conveyed specific sentiments and emotions. Books were published, detailing the meanings associated with various flowers, and people used these floral arrangements as a form of non-verbal communication.
Floral Design Schools: As the demand for floral arrangements grew, several floral design schools emerged in Europe and the United States during the 19th century. These schools provided formal training and education in the art of flower arranging. Students learned techniques for creating bouquets, wreaths, and other floral arrangements. The most notable floral design school was the Constance Spry Flower School, established in London in 1933.
Industrialization and Mass Production: With the advent of industrialization in the 19th century, the florist industry underwent significant changes. The introduction of mass production techniques made floral arrangements more accessible and affordable to the general public. Flowers could be shipped long distances due to advancements in transportation and refrigeration, allowing for a wider variety of flowers to be available.
Florists as Artists: During the 19th century, florists began to be recognized as artists. They were sought after for their ability to create intricate and aesthetically pleasing arrangements. Florists started participating in competitions and exhibitions, showcasing their skills and innovative designs. The floral industry became a respected profession, attracting talented individuals who sought to express their creativity through flowers.
With that being said, the 18th and 19th centuries marked a period of growth and refinement for the florist industry. The rise of botanical gardens, the introduction of exotic flowers, the emergence of floral design schools, and the popularization of the language of flowers all contributed to the development of floristry as a recognized profession.
Photo of painting: Young Woman with Peonies, 1870 (oil on canvas), Bazille, Jean Frederic (1841-70) / National Gallery of Art, Washington DC, USA /
